Persons administration

Summary
The persons administration of a state and the communities registers the persons, both human beings and juristic persons (e.g. companies) and is headed by the secretary couple.

The rules and tasks begin with registering the newborns and managing people's major life status from childhood, being in education, becoming full citizen, maybe getting married (maybe divorced), get superannuated and finally the death.

Then, there are visitors rules and tasks that deal with foreigners travelling through, the so-called visitors, and eventually wanting to stay, working or not working. Also, there are persons dynamics rules and tasks that regulate moving out and in a community, absences, sickness/accident-caused leaves, unemployment, helplessness and disappearances.

Finally, juristic persons, i.e. companies and associations, are registered as well as their owners.

Highlights

 * A clear definition of human beings (natural persons) and ID issueing.
 * All are treated with the same clear scheme.
 * No privileged people (e.g. no kings, no nobles).
 * Enforce education and violence-free childhood.
 * Support human beings with permanent reduced abilities (health issues)
 * Prevent over-population.
 * Prevent refugee streams.
 * A clear definition of companies and associations (juristical persons) - possessions of juristical persons are distributed proportionally onto human beings. Hence (cf. the taxation rules), no need for company taxes.
 * Foundation of a juristical person is free - but must register products and services latest after 2 years.
 * Products and services registration per company - must deliver - product and services ratings - products and services search engine (directory) - products waste disposal fees upfront charging (cf. domain 7 finances)
 * No information exchange with foreign countries. (This may look like a lowlight - but we consider it a highlight, because it enforces a clear separation of concerns: our state cares for itself - other states shall care for their own. If 2 states want to go together they shall merge; with 'Stable States' this is an easy and well-defined process)

P.01 Register pregnancy
P.01.1 Register a pregnancy

An unborn human being is registered. I.e. a pregnancy by a female is officially declared. The father is also registered, mostly, not always. ==> from then on, this child is (or these children are) protected. It is not necessary that the number of unborn children are known.

P.01.2 The woman's decision

It is a controversially percieved topic WHEN a human being begins to exist and the protection by the communitiy starts. The stable state says that it is the woman's decision until the pregnancy becomes visible (and is tested positively by an independent physician in case the woman challenges this). When the pregnancy becomes visible, then the secretary must register it.

P.01.3 Abortions

An abortion before this registry is a woman's or couple's private decision and shall be done with all due medical care. An abortion after this registry is only allowed when severe medical indications are given. In all cases, the death of unborn after the registry must treated as per PM.06, hence, it can be a natural death or not.

P.01.4 Medical help to get pregnant

All woman's pregnancies are allowed, i.e. pregnancies established with a bit or very much (e.g. in vitro for some first moments) medical help.

P.01.5 No ex-copore created human beings

More than 5% (parameter) of the 9 month normal pregnancy timespan, extra-human/woman, human being creation 'techniques' are not allowed. If revealed, the created human beings must remain 'helpless' as per P.13 for their entire life and the creators, if caught, are considered to have violated the law of peace as per aspect P.2 (free passage) against their created human beings and get punished accordingly.

P.02 Register newborn
P.02.1 Register a newborn human being

A perfect event in most cases. The first name(s), last name(s), biological gender, mother and, mostly, father are registered and a unique ID (URL) issued.

P.02.2 Fathership

There can be cases where the fathership is a 'problem' and challenged. The mother can name 1 candidate father and he can accept or not. If not, a DNA medical test is conducted (maybe with 1 or 2 independent double checks if requested). If the candidate father does not agree with doing the test, this automatically means he accepts the fathership. If the test is done and reveals the father, then he is registered. Else, the child just has a mother. The mother cannot name a 2nd or even more other candidates. In summary: the father of a child is optional to know.

P.02.3 No mother known

Rarely, newborns are just deposited somewhere (ideally at some hospital's box) and found. Then, this is treated with the 'helpless' rules as per P.13 if the child lives. If it is found dead, we must treat it as per P.06.

P.03 Manage childhood (education) until full citizenship
Introduction: This is an extremely important phase of a human being and either shapes trueful, respectful and peaceful people or not. Each human being must receive proper education but also the certainty that applying knowledge and skills, being a honest professional when grown up, is more rewarding than steal others property using violence to force others doing whatever, be corrupt or become member of a mafia organisation.

P.03.1 Ready for schooling

This is the first test conducted under the management of persons administration according to the newest tests developed by domain 3, science, culture and sports. The main requirement is that the child can speak and understand at least one of the languages. The parents (or single parent) registers 2 state-cycles before the test, then the test is conducted and at the basic community assembly the child is brought along, says something small for half a minute, and is then officially acclaimed as a school child.

P.03.2 Yearly school tests - become candidate citizen

Whenever a child started school (this needs not be synchronized with all children, but likely it will be easier to do so), after each 12 months latest, it shall pass the tests developed by domain 3, science, culture and sports for that year. After 6 years of such tests passed, the school children qualify to pass the basic generic knowledge test and become candidate citizens.

They have 3 attempts for this test and must not be older than 9 years of what they were when getting ready for schooling. They have then the duty to pass a more practical education to become an industry-specific professional.

P.03.2 Yearly school tests - become candidate citizen

Whenever a child started school (this needs not be synchronized with all children, but likely it will be easier to do so), after each 12 months latest, it shall pass the tests developed by domain 3, science, culture and sports for that year. After 6 years of such tests passed, the school children qualify to pass the basic generic knowledge test and become candidate citizens. They have then the duty to pass a more practical education to become an industry-specific professional.

P.04 Marriages and divorces
P.04.1 Only full citizens can decide to marry.

PM.04.2 A traditional marriage knows the man as head of the family who alone acts for the family. The female, as full citizen, freely decides to marry and become wife. Both vow sexual faithfulness and to act in support of the family. Each has the right to divorce by stating a breach of the vow. E.g. sexual unfaithfulness and/or wasting family resources (money). The partner can agree and the divorce happens: assets before marriage are re-attributed, assets aquired during marriage are split 50:50, children go to the partner initiating the divorce. After the divorce, no partner must pay anything to the other; each continues his/her life. If the partner does not agree, the marriage remains and the divorce claim can be made again in 6 months. If the partner still does not agree, the marriage remains and the divorce claim can be made again in 6 months and then, the partner must agree (has no choice) and the marriage is divorced.

PM.04.3 The traditional marriage can also be made with the female as head of the family. Rest analogous.

PM.04.4 The modern marriage is a 50:50 partnership where always both must agree to act. (For small amounts transactions there may be vice-versa blanko agreements). The divorce can be claimed without reason by 1 partner and it immediately happens. Assets go as in the traditional marriage. Children go as per agreement or by random decision. Again, no payments are due after the divorce.

PM.04.4 The multi-marriage is a special form of traditional marriage where additional wifes or husbands can enter the marriage. There a partial divorce can be claimed and only the physical children of the claimer go to her/him.

PM.04.5 Married citizens can visit each other in hospitals and can take-over acting for the partner in case he/she is physically unable to act.

PM.04.6 Licences to have children

The limit of human beings sustainably be able to live on earth is set to 1'000'000'000 (parameter). We assume 50'000'000 km2 of earth land surface to be inhabitable. So the average ratio is 20 human beings per km2 (parameter). The average life duration is 80 years (parameter). So, we can have 20 / 80 = 1/4 child licence per km2 per year for the entire state. Each month the secretaries can issue 1/12th of the annual state-wide child licenses to marriages that apply for it. The licenses are issued by time of application state-wide - when there are no more, the marriage must apply next month again. The license is then valid for 12 months. If not used, it is given to the most recent unlicensed newborn of the entire state.

PM.05 Manage superannuation
PM.05.1

PM.06 Register death
PM.06.1

PM.07 Manage sickness/accident leaves
PM.07.1

PM.08 Manage absence
PM.08.1

PM.09 Manage disappearance
PM.09.1

PM.10 Manage move-in
PM.10.1

PM.11 Manage move-out
PM.11.1

PM.12 Manage visitors
PM.12.1 Persons can cross the borders free if they have and present their ID when entering the state. People without ID get one (a triplet to be precise, cf. the definition of a human being) and pay the minimum 1 cycle person tax (which covers 1 month staying/travelling in the state).

PM.12.2 Persons can also lodge and travel around in non-Military zones free as long as they do pay for themselves.

PM.12.3 Persons can also work (offer their services) provided the Price battle range rule SC.05.2. is fulfilled.

PM.12.4 Persons can also become residents (not yet citizens), get registered and pay their taxes on possessions namely a work contract. The work contract fulfillment by the employer is then fully protected by the state

PM.12.5 Persons that are residents and work/pay for themselves get the citizenship after 5 years including all benefits if they also pass the language and "state knowledge" tests.

PM.12.6 Persons that do not / cannot pay for themselves and do not / cannot work, but want to stay, are called "helpless". Helpless families are not separated (unless they want to be separated). Helpless people must find a "godfather"/"godmother" who is a citizen. The state official broadcasts the helpless in the basic community and gives them 1 week time to find one. The helpless live at the next state officials that have free room. Each state official must have 2 beds/room available (but can be occupied already).

PM.12.7 Helpless that do not find a "godfather"/"godmother" in 1 week or all is occupied are pushed to the next basic community in geographical direction of their root country (as told, no check but registered on the ID). If this means out of the state, then they are given to the neighbour state. (Never a fly-out).

PM.12.8 Helpless that find a "godfather"/"godmother", are added like "child" family members. They have the right to learn the language, the profession and eventually become Independent.

PM.12.9 Underaged, single helpless and those that have found an apprenticeship but have lost or never had a "godfather/godmother" must not be pushed outside the stable state but stay at an official if need be.

PM.12.10 Every person/visitor can be checked by any state official or other cititzen. If caught without ID (and DNA checking reveals there was never an ID issued), he/she is registered and gets an ID. Also, the status is then checked if still a visitor or a permanent visitor or a regsitered inhabitant and treated accordingly.

PM.13 Manage helpless
PM.13.1 C.

PM.14 Human beings and ID management
PM.14.1 The stable state issues and verifies person's IDs both physically ('cards') and electronically. This is the basis of all trustworthy communication. Quite easily achieved physically face2face, a bit more challenging electronically. The algorithms implemented for the electronic ID issueing, verification and communications encryption/decryption as well as the devices where they run are issued by the stable state under public control.

PM.14.2 As outlined in the definition of Human being, there can be challenges if some entity is a human being or not. These are treated by the persons administration official. If the final outcome is that an entity is NOT a human being, then this is either treated as an animal or a robot or a human being equivalent (as intelligent and able as or more than a human being). In the latter case, this entity is treated like a human being, but the ID/URL gets an additional indication that it is an equivalent and what kind of equivalent it is ("marsian", etc.). As per current knowledge, there are no such entities. But if once there will be, we shall treat them in truth, respect and peace (or defend ourselves if attacked).

PM.15 Animals management
PM.15.1 Domestic animals that can go outhouse (dogs, cats, all kinds of cattle, horses, ...) shall be registered by the owner and chipped. Ownership transfer and death must be announced and reflected. This "animal-ownership" goes into the taxation-relevant calculation as per domain 7 Finances. For all violations of the laws of respect and peace done by a domestic animal, the owner is responsible as if done by himself. PM.15.2 Animals threats: Animals can be a threat because of their behaviour or because they are sick or transport sickmaking other entities (viruses). If such is revealed, announced and verified by the experts from domain 3 Science, there can be measures decided by the Persons admin official: vaccination, quarantaine, catch/transfer, kill. The execution is done by the owner (if there is one) or the responsible for domain 4 Inner Security ("police") and enforced by the "police".

PM.15.3 Wild animals: The stable state requires some "wild areas" according to the domain 1 of constitution C.06.9-10. As long as animals, also possibly deadly ones, are in that areas, they cannot be touched, no measures are possible. If outside, then the stable state shall consider the catch/transfer measure for threating animals into "wild areas" first. Only second, the killing option shall be used. Both executed by the guards (domain 4 Inner Security) but ordered by the Persons management official.

PM.16 Robots management
PM.16.1 Each robot that can go outhouse must be registered by the owner. Also, the creator of each "outhouse" robot is registered - the owner of "inhouse" robots can also insist on the creator's registration of such robots. Ownership transfer and destruction must be announced and reflected. This "robots-ownership" goes into the taxation-relevant calculation as per domain 7 Finances. For all violations of the laws of respect and peace done by a robot, the owner is responsible as if done by himself if the robot behaved as per the creator's specification. If not behaving according to the creator's specification, the creator is responsible. PM.16.2 Ronots threats: Robots can be a threat ("killing machines"). If such is revealed, announced and verified by the experts from domain 3 Science, there can be measures decided by the Persons admin official: repair(send to the creator), destroy. The execution is done by the owner (if there is one) or the responsible for domain 4 Inner Security ("police") and enforced by the "police".

PM.16.3 Robots at wartime/robots attacks or "unkown" robots: The stable state head of domain 6 exterior security must react in due time (possibly quicker than PM.16.2) and defend against robots attacks. Usually the measure is: destroy. Also, "unkown", i.e. not owned, robots can appear, single or hords. Then, the head of domain 4 interior security is responsible to destroy.

PM.17 Register a new company or association
PM.17.1 A new company or association must have a unique name (URL) and can be founded by a set of citizens and/or other companies/associations. The initial shareholders (person/#shares) or members must be named.

PM.17.2 There are no other forms of juristic persons that 'company' and 'association'. A company has a total capital and number of shares (which can be changed later). An association just belongs to its members per capita.

PM.17.3 When companies or associations are founded or shares ownership or membership changes, then 3 rules apply:

(1) There must be no circular ownerships (e.g. company A owns shares of company B, company B owns shares of company C, company C owns shares of company A)

(2) A natural person can be member of a maximum of 10 (parameter) associations.

(3) There must be at least 1 member in an association and at least 1 share of a company must be owned by another person than the company itself.

If any of those rules would be broken, then the founding or ownership/membership change is refused to happen.

Note1: Each such transaction of founding/ownership/membership change is collected state-wide in each state-decision cycle and put in a temporal (and same-time requests in an arbitrary) sequence. It is requested in state-cycle n (month a) and then becomes effective in state-cycle n+1 (following month b). And each that breaks the rules PM.17.3 simply does not become effective. Instead, the involved persons (natural or juristical) are notified. It is the responsibility of the involved persons to foresee that the rules are not broken and if they still are, the consequences of the transaction not becoming effective is in the full responsibility of the involved persons.

Note2: Taxation-wise (cf. domain Finances), everthing a company or association owns is 'transferred' by the percentage of ownership to its owners. In the end, it all accumulates at the natural persons to pay the taxes. This one of the great simplifications of the taxation system: the are no company/associations taxes.

Note 3: Because per association membership of a natural person, the association's possessions transferred to each member are deducted by 1 'taxation-point' (parameter), we must limit the number of such memberships. Else artificial constructions could be made to get completely tax-freed. Also note that 1 'taxation-point' equals roughly 1'000 CHF (as per initial parametrisation - all subject to democratical changes over time). So, the maximum total tax-free amount per natural person would be 10'000 CHF which seems reasonable. For all those small associations (like a smaller cities sports club) with maybe 200 members, however, it means that it can operate tax-free to a maximum of 200'000 CHF (200 x 1 'taxation-point' = 1'000 CHF) assets. Which is nice and sufficient to allow such non-profit constructions to work well.

PM.18 Sell/buy a share of a company, enter/leave an association
PM.18.1 Share transfer: This is requested by current owner and buyer in state-cycle n and will become effective in state-cycle n+1, if not rules PM.17.3 (1)+(3) are violated.

PM.18.2 Membership change: This is requested by the association and person in state-cycle n and will become effective in state-cycle n+1, if not rules PM.17.3 (2)+(3) are violated.

Note: Because the first juristic persons must be founded by natural persons and we have the rules in PM.17.3 effective, it is not possible to have juristic persons that directy and indirectly only belong to other jurstic persons. So, each possession of a juristic person, in the end, goes to at least 1 natural person. This is why we can and should refrain from taxation of juristic persons. Instead, we believe that innovation and economy profits from a free founding of companies and their tax-freeness.

Note: The eventual money transfers involved are of no interest to the state domain 2 Persons admin. And also the domain 7 Finances just executes safely and securely what is being ordered by the involved persons.

PM.19 Dissolve a company or association
PM.19.1 The first step of, or otherwise formulated, previous to a dissolution of a jurstic person, all its possessions except the state money account (cf. domain Finances) must be sold. Once this state of a company or association is given, its dissolution can be requested in state-cycle n by the qualified majority (> 66% (parameter)) of its owners. If all is fine, then by state-cycle n+1, the juristic person and its state money account is deleted.

Note: The remaining amount on the state money account is transferred per ownership% to the owners state money accounts by domain 7 Finances

PM.20 Change capital or #shares of a company
PM.20.1 Increase: The qualified majority of a company (>= 66% (parameter)) can request that the number of shares and/or capital is increased. Actually, capital is not relevant, as this is only some nominal ('artificial') value. The new shares, initially, belong to the company. However, in state-cycle n, there can also be buy-share requests for the newly created shares. So, the newly created shares, will never belong to the company but already initially to those owners.

PM.20.2 Decrease: The qualified majority of a company (>= 66% (parameter)) can request that the number of shares and/or capital is decreased. This can only be done by the number of shares owned by the company itself. But the transfers to the company (as per PM.18) can be made in the same cycle as the decrease request.

Note: Again, the money transfers involved are of no interest to the state domain 2 Persons admin.

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